Copyright Roger Cox
Aldershot and District Traction Company
1953
Dennis Lance K4
East Lancs
L28/28R
This picture was taken in Woodbridge Road, Guildford, about 1961, and shows one of the 32 "tin
fronted" Dennis Lance K4 buses unique to the Aldershot and District Traction Company. The first 20
of these had East Lancs L28/28 bodywork of the type shown, and the final 12 were bodied by Weymann with
a version of the Orion, again seating 56 with 28 on each deck. The Gardner 5LW engines in these buses
were removed from withdrawn Lancets of 1940 vintage, but were rebuilt and updated to the latest
specification to virtually new standard. As usual with A&D buses, these vehicles had five speed
gearboxes. I never drove one of these, but I understand that, with their slow revving (1700 rpm) 94 bhp
engines they were less than lively, and not popular with the Aldershot and District driving staff, who
christened them "Lulus" from their registration letters. The motorcycle and sidecar
combination overtaking the bus is entirely characteristic of those times and something that is never
seen today. I cannot identify the make of motorbike, but it is certainly something of a veteran itself
as it has girder type front forks.
Photograph and Copy contributed by Roger Cox
———
26/06/11 - 11:32
The same nickname was given by Samuel Ledgard staff to ex London RT LLU 803 -
her thunder was somewhat stolen though by the later arrival of some RTLs with the same
"Christian name."
Despite the cumbersome and leisurely progress of the A & D Dennis
Lance I have to say that it is an extremely attractive vehicle indeed - the characterful destination
display and the beautiful livery of that operator being the icing on the cake.
Chris Youhill
———
26/06/11 - 19:59
Aldershot and District always had a small engine policy, and it is difficult
to understand why the Lance K4 should have been singled out by certain staff for a modest
performance. The pre war Lances with the high set radiator style (as on the Lancet II and III) were
delivered with Dennis four cylinder sixteen valve O4 engines of 6.5 litres giving 82 bhp. Most of
these early Lances were later rebodied and refitted with 5LW engines, and the wartime Guy Arabs also
had the 5LW powerplant. The first postwar ‘deckers were Lance K3s with the Dennis O6 of 100
bhp, and these were lively, smooth running buses, and the following K4s of the type shown above must
have seemed much more sedate by comparison. Then came Lolines powered by the 6LW engine, and it is
probable that, by a certain point in time and within the experience of some drivers, the Lance K4s
were the only double deck buses in the fleet still using the 5LW. My experience of the K4 as a
passenger indicated that its road performance was fully up to the general standard of the time.
Roger Cox
———
27/06/11 - 11:48
Happily, Tim Stubbs and Malcolm Spalding rescued sister ship A&D K4 220 some
years ago, and it has been a regular at running days and other events for at least seventeen years.
I’ve had the very good fortune to be on the driving rota, and it really a most characterful bus,
with the reassuring thump of the 5LW and the unique 5-spd gearbox, with 1st, 2nd and 3rd sliding
(not constant)mesh and preselective overdrive. The cab is not a model of comfort or convenience, but
the steering is a joy. Brakes are vacuum over hydraulic, and seem to need frequent adjustment but
are wonderfully progressive in action.
Seating is 28 on each deck. On top, counting from the
front, the seats are for 4, 4, 3, 4, 3, 4, 3 and 3. Even on a 27-long body eight rows upstairs was
still less common than seven on mid-fifties lowbridge bodies but—as on contemporary Roe
lowbridge products—the back seat upstairs is set as far back as it can be without compromising
staircase headroom, so there’s plenty of knee room between seats.
She’s admittedly slow in
hilly country, but will do 48mph on the flat and on a well-chosen route puts the miles behind her
surprising quickly.
Tim’s K3 of 1950, with the Dennis O6 engine, is 6" narrower and a
foot shorter but is actually slightly heavier than the K4. Unlike the 5LW, the amazingly smooth O6
is a spinner, not a slogger. The difference in engine gives the two otherwise very similar vehicles
a totally different character. The 5LW demands a well-adjusted clutch-stop, but the lighter flywheel
of the O6 makes it unnecessary for upward changes—except 1st to 2nd on hills.
These two
vehicles are wonderful survivals, and it’s a pity that none of the lightweight (and apparently very
lively) Weymann Orion-bodied K4s survived. When I first saw one at Reading Station the pop-rivets
put me off. How could my schoolboy judgment have been so flawed!
There should be Dennis
delights at Alton Running Day, Hampshire, this July the 17th, and the big event is 100 years of
Aldershot&District at Farnborough, Hants, Sunday May the 27th 2012.
Ian Thompson
———
28/06/11 - 06:24
Ian, I lived in Farnborough, Hants, for nine years from the mid sixties, by
which time the Loline reigned supreme in the A&D double deck fleet, and I had a spell at Aldershot
depot as a driver before returning to the admin side of the bus industry at Reigate. Although I have
travelled as a passenger on the A&D K3 and K4 Lances, and my knowledge of Dennis buses goes right
back to 1946 to 1949 when, as a child, I used to travel with my mother on the pre war O4 engined
East Kent Lancet IIs between Faversham and Herne Bay, I have never driven a Lance or a Lancet. I
have always had a strong regard for traditional Dennis machines, and Dennis were the only British
manufacturer to put oil engines with four valves per cylinder into quantity production. Crossley
made a wartime prototype "four valver" that performed well, but when Saurer asked for a
royalty or licence fee for the use of its combustion chamber design, Crossley hastily redesigned the
engine as a "two valver" with catastrophic consequences for reliability and performance. I
am envious your driving sessions in these old Dennis buses, and it is wonderful to see them in
preservation. My own short lived foray into the preservation scene was as part of a group that saved
the Dennis Ace YD 9533. The costs of restoration became prohibitive, and we sold it on, and it is
now thankfully a regular on the rally scene. The Ace was certainly an interesting machine to drive
with its central accelerator pedal! I now live in East Anglia, but I will certainly bear in mind
next year’s Aldershot and District centenary
Roger Cox
———
28/06/11 - 11:38
Roger, I’m equally envious of your youthful rides on 04-engined Lancets. From
what I’ve heard, they were livelier than one might expect from only 6.5 litres. I believe one is
preserved and I very much hope one day to have a ride on it. I used to think the days of
four-cylinder engines powering full-size buses were behind us, but the new Alexander-Dennis
diesel-electrics in Reading, Oxford and Manchester seem to manage very nicely with their little
fours.
When I worked at Smiths in Reading there were still 04 engine bits in the workshop,
although the last 04s were probably off the road by 1960.
The only Ace I’ve ever ridden on in
genuine service took me from Yarmouth to Freshwater, Isle of Wight, but the sound was all wrong as
it had a Bedford OB engine and gearbox.
I can see why Crossley had for legal reasons to
hurriedly redesign the Saurer combustion chamber, but I wonder why at the same time they abandoned
the 4-valve head? That surely wouldn’t have infringed any patents.
The Reading
downdraught-engined Crossley deckers were certainly slow, with their UW of 8.3.1, and they tended,
oddly, to be used on the hillier routes, but they lasted for 18 years, so the workshop must have got
a feel for keeping them happy.
Ian Thompson
———
29/06/11 - 06:52
Ian, your comments on Dennis and Crossley machines has prompted me to add a
few more. My memories as a four to seven year old might now be optimistically tinged with nostalgia,
but I do recall the curious muffled drumming sound of the Dennis O4 engines, very different from the
local Maidstone and District Tigers (petrol and diesel), but the progress was very smooth and
lively. I loved those old Dennis Lancets, and the high mounted radiator offset to the nearside
denoted a truly independently minded manufacturer. The later Lancet III was surely one of the finest
vehicles of its time.
I have some b/w pictures of three Smiths of Reading Lancets that brought
a private party to Hampton Court in 1961. I will send them to the site in due course.
Still
with Reading, I have a few pictures of that operator’s all Crossley DD42/8 machines which, as you
say, were fitted with the downdraught engine that represented AEC’s attempt to mitigate the abysmal
characteristics of the HOE7. I took the pictures in 1967 by which time the Dennis Loline reigned
supreme in the double deck fleet. Having moved to the Gosport area when I was nine years old, I
frequently saw the Portsmouth Crossleys in service, but I never travelled on a bus of this make
until 1958, by which time I was living in the Croydon area. This was the year of the seven week
London bus strike, and an outfit grandiosely calling itself "The People’s League for the
Defence of Freedom" obtained permission to run some routes during the stoppage. One of these
was route 2 between Croydon and New Addington, and two of the four buses allocated were ex Lancaster
Corporation all Crossley SD42 (the others were an ex Crosville TD7 and an ex Lytham St Annes CWA6).
Admittedly the Crossleys were 11 years old by then, and always well loaded, but I was amazed by the
truly mediocre hill climbing performance of these machines. I have a picture of HTC 614 at New
Addington taken with my trusty Brownie 127, and will send it in sometime.
Roger Cox
———
29/06/11 - 06:58
The strange thing about the Crossley HOE engine was that they never cured, or
bothered to cure, the breathing problems that became apparent with the conversion to two-valves per
cylinder. Yet, when AEC took them over, the problem was sorted out quite quickly!
Chris Hebbron
———
29/06/11 - 19:41
Chris, judging by the comprehensive "Crossley" book by Eyre, Heaps
and Townsin, the Crossley Motors company did not take kindly to external criticism, and any that was
forthcoming merely served to strengthen the firm’s intransigence, a very curious attitude to adopt
in a fiercely commercial environment. Thus, not only did it take no meaningful action to solve the
shortcomings of the HOE7, but it appeared to resent the AEC solution that appeared as the
downdraught engine, even continuing to supply unmodified HOE7 engines in new buses. A similar
cussedness was displayed in respect of the steering geometry on all Crossley buses. A simple
readjustment in design would have cured the exceptionally heavy steering characteristics, that, in
the case of the three axled "Dominion" trolleybuses, bordered on the impossible, but
Crossley would not shift its position. No wonder AEC got fed up.
Roger Cox
———
30/06/11 - 05:33
What amazes me about Crossley is the difference in attitude between their
chassis and body departments. Whereas the chassis people stuck stubbornly to their own ideas come
what may, their first standard postwar body was designed not by Crossley but by Manchester
Corporation. The special Manchester features - curves, waistrail steps and cantilever platform -
quickly became optional, and even the first Liverpool bodies were actually the de-Manchestered Manc
design reworked as a four-bay body with a flat front, as required by the Liverpool spec. I don’t
think Crossley ever designed a double-deck body from scratch at all, although their postwar framing
system was all their own.
Peter Williamson
———
01/07/11 - 05:27
Thank you Roger and Peter, for mentioning the diverse attitude of the two
parts of Crossley, one self-serving and the other accommodating towards its customers. As we know, a
chain is only as good as its weakest link!
Chris Hebbron
———
03/07/11 - 19:54
Talking about Track routes to this day the Arriva service 268 Dewsbury-
Bradford service is still referred as the Track although in tramway days the service only went as
far as Moorend as did service G in bus days.The service 281 Bradford to Thornhill is always referred
as The Donkey for obvious reasons.
Philip Carlton
———
30/04/12 - 07:53
Roger, in his copy, records that these vehicles had five-speed gearboxes, but
I seem to recall that they had four-speed boxes with overdrive. The driver would move the lever in a
semi-circular way to gain overdrive. I only travelled on them from Woking to St. Peter’s Hospital,
Ottershaw, a very flat route, so was never able to judge their hill-climbing capabilities. When
living in Portsmouth, I did travel on the Petersfield - Guildford route as far as Milford on a
couple of occasions, but that was on a Loline. I imagine that the Lances would also have been on
that challenging route over the North Downs and I’d have loved to have ridden on them up there!
A childhood delight was going on holiday, around 1950, from Kingston - Southsea on a duplicate
Southdown Leyland Cub coach. But I digress!
Chris Hebbron
———
30/04/12 - 09:12
Oh, there you go - as Chris Youhill has said elsewhere, that’s the fun of this
site. Digress away. After the pathetic failure that was yesterday’s Cobham/Wisley event, we may only
be left with our digressions!
David Oldfield
———
01/05/12 - 06:48
Well, the weather must have been appalling, if Gloucester was anything to go
by, but were there other problems, too, David?
Chris Hebbron
———
01/05/12 - 06:50
Chris, the Dennis gearbox was an overdrive unit, giving five gears in all.
Overdrive was a preselective gear designed using Maybach principles. To engage from fourth, the gear
lever was moved at any time, as with a conventional preselector, to the left and forward, and actual
engagement occurred when the accelerator was released to allow the revs to die. When the accelerator
was pressed again, fifth gear was already engaged. To change down, the lever was moved back to the
fourth position, and engagement occurred when the accelerator was released and then pressed again to
raise the revs for the fourth ratio. Sadly, I have never driven a Dennis with such a gearbox, though
I have travelled many miles as a passenger on Lances and Lancets so equipped. Ian T is the expert
when it comes to practical experience.
Roger Cox
———
01/05/12 - 06:51
Is that Arthur and Olive from On the Buses just passing?
Philip Carlton
———
01/05/12 - 19:27
We were discussing this on Sunday, Chris, saying that the organisers might use
the weather as an excuse. The weather was atrocious - but that wasn’t the problem. Most of the
"runs" were a circuit of the airfield - not a decent run on proper roads. The 499 to/from
Weybridge Station was supposed to be half modern low-floor vehicles - it was even worse. More of
them, supplemented by re-engined RMs. I have friends "high" in the industry who said after
Dunsfold, and then this, they will no longer be supporting it. Likewise people in the business who
are enthusiasts who brought their own vehicles from wide and far. We were charged £10 to enter, get
soaked and find nothing to entertain us - and a further £2 for the programme. Sorry you got me going
Chris, but it wasn’t the weather and, despite living up the hill, it won’t be in my diary next year.
Rant over, now let’s get on with friendly sharing of expertise and experience.
David Oldfield